The World of Science

How our Universe arose, how life appeared on Earth, how human civilization developed, in what relationship with nature people have now - we will try to answer these questions here. The Earth is our shared planet on which we all stand with our feet. Our spaceship, speeding through space and time. The fate of the Earth is our common fate.

Let's study how this ship's mechanisms work so as not to break it so that humanity can live happily ever after.

Сurriculum

1. The genesis of the Universe
   Start over! Look on a cloudless night at a dark sky. What can you see there? You might say, "stars." But the space between them is also not empty. It is filled with invisible waves and atoms of transparent gases, and inaudible sounds. Just as detectives can find a criminal by insignificant traces - a fingerprint or a piece of clothing, so scientists, exploring the visible and invisible phenomena of the Cosmos, can restore the history of the Universe. Until we can reproduce the Universe's birth during the experiment, the Big Bang remains an unproven hypothesis. However, most scientists believe that this is the way for our world to appear.
   In this lesson, we will try to understand the essence of the Big Bang. We also learn how stars are born and die.
   
2. Planet Earth
   So, the universe arose because of the Big Bang about 15 billion years ago. The first stars were born and died. Their dust eventually fell into the protostar from which the Sun and planets arose, including our Earth. Now we well know what the Earth and the solar system looking for. But has it always been like this? Not at all! In this lesson, we will learn how people's ideas about the world and how planet Earth's arrangement has changed.
   
3. History of life on Earth
   Last time, we settled on the fact that our Earth turned out to be a very prosperous planet - not too cold, not too hot, not too small, and not too big, our Sun is good, and its location is in the best part of the galaxy. And how could life not appear on such an incredible planet?
   However, how it happened - one can only guess. But life arose and began to develop quickly. In this lesson, we will have a look at the evolution of living creatures.
   
4. Mythical animals
   There is a saying, "The dream of reason gives rise to monsters." The brain is arranged so that if a person does not know or does not understand something, it can fill the knowledge gaps haphazardly.
   Now we know which living organisms exist and which do not, and we understand how they are constructed. But in ancient times, there were very few scientists (and much fewer people on the whole). They did not know much about the world, and even the most intelligent and educated were sometimes compelled to write descriptions of animals only from paraphrases of "eyewitnesses." And so, from pieces of truth and fantasies, "bestaria" appeared (in Latin, Bestia means "beast") - collections of zoological articles with exciting content.

   In this lesson, we will get to know some drastic mythical monsters.
   
5. Cryptozoology
   Secrets and riddles will always attract people. Elephants, rhinos, orangutans live on earth, hummingbirds fly, whale sharks swim - many fascinating creatures. But the heart never stops in anticipation of something interesting as when we hear the word "yeti". Or the Loch Ness Monster. Let's read the stories of these and other mysterious creatures (they are called "cryptids") and try to figure out if there is any truth in them.
   
6. Practical inventions of humankind

   We are surrounded by many useful things that we use every day and get used to, so we stop noticing them. But everything, absolutely everything - was once invented. Before that, it did not exist. There was no soap, no buttons, even no clothes at all. A hairy body protected from the cold, and a digging stick replaced all tools.

   What and when was invented by humankind - we will briefly get to know each other in this lesson.
   
7. How do scientists find out new things about the world
   I won't tell you that. Just a hint, and leave it for you to guess.
   
8. Biosphere
   In this session, we will look at an ecosystem, how it relates to the biosphere, and what the biosphere can become over time.
   
9. The interaction between people and nature
   In this lesson, we will learn how the very first people interacted with nature and how it is now. And will practice predicting the consequences of the economic activities of people.
   
10. IUCN Red List

    The achievements of human civilization can be incredible. Among them, is a victory over diseases that used to be fatal and claimed millions of lives. And space flights. And art - enchanting music, beautiful paintings, fascinating and wise books. But some “achievements” are not good at all and we can not be proud of them — for example, records in the Red Book. The Red Book is a book about animals and plants that may soon disappear from our world forever.

    How and why animals die away - we learn from this lesson.
    
11. Nature reserves

    An ecological disaster erupted on Earth. Tons of garbage are all around, even in near-Earth space. Thin films of oil tighten almost every puddle, and they are played with children, sometimes with two, and sometimes with three hands. There are no more forests; only older people tell how their grandfathers and grandmothers went to the forest as a child - to look for mushrooms and listen to nature. The water in the lakes and rivers is poisoned. You can only drink water from sumps for recycling...

    It’s good that this future has not come yet. And I hope it never happens if we keep the corners of the wild in their original form. For this, there are particularly protected areas - reserves. We’ll talk about them today - what and from whom they are protecting.
    
12. Understanding the natural phenomena
    Throughout our lives, we are surrounded by various natural phenomena. And you want to understand what's going on around you, don't you? Of course, you can always ask someone or google it. But it is even more pleasant to determine by yourself what happened and why. Let's practice this ability today.
    
13. Where does the soil come from
    If you dig up the soil, you will find only last year's leaves. Where do the rest go? And anyway, where does all the garbage that falls go?
    
14. Bioindicators
    Discover how the whispers of the wild can guide us to imminent rainfalls, hidden springs of pure water, and the earth's treasures. Our lessons unveil the art of interpreting signals of bioindicators.
    
15. Surviving everyday life
    We talked a lot about how to make animal life safer and happier. But man is also an animal (at least from a biological point of view), and also needs protection and care. Let's get started today by looking at various dangerous situations that happen all the time (or vice versa, rarely), and from which it would be nice to leave alive and unharmed.
    
16. Biological laws
    Yes, yes, biology has its laws, the implementation of which is mandatory for everyone. Yes, in principle, to fulfill them, you do not need to do anything on purpose, you just need to be alive.
    
17. Levels of organization of wildlife
18. Plant life
19. Where to find and how to identify minerals
    Inevitably, each of you at home has some minerals. Considering them is very interesting. Today we will try to learn to see the features of minerals and see where they come from.
    
20. Vitamins
21. Chemistry is all around

    Chemistry - this word sounds scary, incomprehensible, and damn entertaining. Although chemistry as a science appeared only in the 16th–17th centuries, from the very beginning of our history, people can do chemical reactions. They knew how to turn clay into bricks, smelting ore into iron, and sand into a glass, cooking soap from fat and ash, making yogurt from milk, and brewing beer from grain. But all this was done blindly. Having the first success, people continued to repeat the same actions mechanically to get the same result.

    However, science arises where fortune-telling disappears and an accurate forecast arises. In this lesson, we will talk about how chemistry was born, how chemical elements were discovered, and how you can find these elements in your home. And let's experiment a little.
    
22. The cycle of everything in nature
    I hope we all remember that chemical elements are initially born in stars in the processes of thermonuclear reactions. Light elements (with a small number in the periodic table) - in young and small stars, heavy (with a large number) - in old and giant stars. Stars die, new star systems formed from stardust, and chemical elements continue to spin in an endless carousel - changing chemical bonds but not changing themselves. How? Let's see.
    
23. How humans think
24. Bionics is the science of the future

    Bionics is a recent but up-and-coming science. It studies nature to apply this to human inventions. So we can say that this kind of industrial espionage - only no one is offended.

    In this lesson, we will learn interesting engineering solutions found through nature observation.